德国葡萄酒质量等级制度

德国葡萄酒质量等级

质量等级划分如下：

日常餐酒（Tafelwein）必须产于德国葡萄产区指定的葡萄种植园和葡萄品种。相比于其他葡萄种植国，德国的日常餐酒的产量还是很小的。大多数情况下，生产日常餐酒是由于该产区的葡萄产量已经超过了规定生产优质酒（Qualit?tswein）所需的量。由于生产日常餐酒的质量要求较少，允许每公顷产出日常餐酒的量大于每公顷产出优质酒的量。日常餐酒的最小天然酒精含量在全德种植区为5％，而在巴登是6％。全部酒精含量最低为8.5%，最高不可超过15％。

地区餐酒（Landwein）是日常餐酒中高一级别的酒，在地区餐酒的酒标上，必须表明葡萄的产地。地区餐酒一般为干或半干，最小天然酒精含量在各个产区至少比一般日常餐酒每升高0.5个百分点。

特定产区优质酒(Q.b.A)是德国葡萄酒中最大的一类，此类酒必须100％来自德国指定的13个产区。对于每一款特定产区优质酒，都因为葡萄品种、种植区和天然酒精含量的下限不同而不同。发酵之前加入的糖分也是以法律形式规定的，加入糖分后允许另外产生20到80克的酒精。

谓称特性品质酒（Q.m.P）是具有最高要求的酒，必须显得成熟、平衡和丰满。此类酒不能加入额外的糖分，根据不同的发酵重量、葡萄品种和种植地，共分为6个等级。在南方的种植区通常标准较高。

谓称特性由低到高排列如下：

珍藏 Kabinett：以成熟的葡萄酿造的精细、清淡、酒精含量低的葡萄酒。

晚摘 Spaetlese：以成熟、丰满的葡萄酿造，收获时间较之“珍藏”晚一些。

精选 Auslese：以成熟葡萄酿造的精美葡萄酒，未成熟的葡萄将被筛选掉。

逐粒精选Beerenauslese：以过度成熟的葡萄酿造的饱满馥郁的葡萄酒，其感染贵腐霉的程度将影响酒的质量。此类酒不是每年都产出，可以长期保存。

贵腐精选 Trockenbeerenauslese：以像葡萄干一样收缩的、受到贵腐霉感染的葡萄酿造的酒是葡萄酒质量金字塔的顶端，如蜂蜜一般甜，经得起几十年的陈酿。

冰酒 Eiswein：所用葡萄的最低发酵重量与逐粒精选一致，葡萄要在零下7度的冰冻状态下摘收，在冰冻状态下榨汁，是为了将果汁浓缩的部分全部榨出。

每瓶德国葡萄酒都必须写明所属的质量等级。

我的旧文：

German wine law is quite complicated with two generic levels: table wines and quality wines. The table wine level is quite simple, consisting two catergories:

1.     Deutscher Tafelwein – the lowest classification and accounts for less than 5% of the total production in Germany. The grapes have to come from one of the four designated regions.

2.     Landwein – is equivalent to the Vin de Pay class in French wine law. Only about 5% of the total production in Germany falls into this category.

Quality Wines also have two categories: Qualitatswein estimmter Anbaugebiet (QbA) and Qualitatswein mit Pradikat (QmP).

The QbA system is a geographical classification, with 5 categories:

1.     Anbaugebiet – the lowest category of the five, it designated 13 quality regions in Germany, somehow equivalent to the Bourgogne AC.

2.     Bereich – means a district within a quality region. This is equivalent to the Cote de Nuit of Burgundy

3.     Gemeinde – is a commune level classification. This is equivalent to the Vosne Romanee in Burgundy.

4.     Grosslage – is a group of adjoining vineyards. It is equivalent to the wines from Burgendy with only ‘Grand Cru’ or ‘Premier Cru’ of a certain commune.

5.     Einzellage – equivalent to single vineyard AC in Burgundy.

QmP, completely different to the QbA, is to categorize the wines from a particular QbA region by their initial must weight. 6 categories are listed:

1.     Kabinett – means the wines are more delicate and great for aperitifs. Kabinett Riesling is normally light in body with very crisp acidity and green apple or citrus fruit flavour.

2.     Spatlese – is equivelant to the ‘late harvest’ on the label. These will have more concentrated flavours. Riesling in this style will have a little more body and usually a little more sweetness due to the extra hanging time on the vines.

3.     Auslese – wines are made from individually selected extra-ripe bunches of grapes. Some producer makes it a riper, richer and slightly sweeter Spatlese, whereas others will turn it to be very sweet wine with botrytis characters. This is the highest Pradikat (classification) of non-dessert white wines.

4.     Beerenauslese – indicates a rare, expensive wine that will have been made from individually selected grapes, ideally those suffering from noble rot.

5.     Eiswein – means ice wine in English. This class requires the grapes to have the equivalent sugar levels of a Beerenauslese but usually unaffected by noble rot. They are picked at the temperature below – 8 degrees, so the water in the grapes is frozen into ice. By this mean, the ice is removed from the grape juice, resulting hyper concentrated juice

6.     Trockenbeerenauslese – is an extreme case for all QmP wines. It only happens in a very great year when individual grapes have undergone noble rot to such a degree that they have shriveled to tiny raisins. The minimal potential alcohol requirement is 21.5% abv.

馋嘴，翻译成德文

中英文对照了，哈哈，这个是德国进口商妹妹给我资料

想起上次喝的TBA了.

TBA，我暂时不能习惯的东西

上次喝了个2003年份的Egon.Muller，实在是不喜欢

看来William喜欢优雅的酒。

英国风格

威少喜欢巧克力，却不欣赏tba？

说老实话

那支2003一点酸度都没有，不喜欢

还漏了一点点好像。

Classic 和 Selection是2000年以后新增加的级别。