葡萄酒的过去与将来(连载)
葡萄酒的起源:人类采摘野生葡萄酿酒的历史可以上溯到史前时代,年代已不可考。在距今至少六千年前,黑海与里海间的高加索地区,人类开始种植葡萄,酿制葡萄酒。高加索地区的地貌环境引用普希金的诗句,“乌云在我脚下俯顺地飘逸,透过乌云,我听见喧响的瀑布,峥嵘赤裸的层峦在云下耸立,下面则是枯萎的苔藓和灌木,再往下看,已经是翳翳的林荫,小鸟在人类开始种鸣啭,群鹿在奔驰。。。
在这样的令人神往的地方,出现了史上最早用于酿制葡萄酒的葡萄品种vitis vinifera,和目前全球数以千计的酿酒葡萄品种相同,推断是所有酿酒葡萄的祖先。这个品种果粒大,糖分高,特别美味,于是由外高加索传到土耳其,在五千多年前传到两河流域埃及,并在西元前二千五百年传到了爱琴海,然后再由腓尼基人与希腊人将葡萄带往地中海沿岸西欧。
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